Cavity characterization plays a significant role in geotechnical design processes. A thorough understanding of cavity shape and features is essential for precisely assessing the potential impact on infrastructure . Geotechnical engineers utilize various techniques to characterize cavities, including remote sensing . These methods provide valuable

Geophysical exploration utilizes a crucial role in the identification and assessment of potential mineral orebodies. By employing various physical methods, geologists can probe beneath the Earth's surface to localize subsurface structures and indicators indicative of mineral richness. These geophysical techniques often involve the recording of phy